НАРУШЕНИЕ КОНДЕНСАЦИИ ХРОМАТИНА СПЕРМАТОЗОИДОВ И ФРАГМЕНТАЦИЯ ДНК СПЕРМАТОЗОИДОВ: ЕСТЬ ЛИ КОРРЕЛЯЦИЯ?
https://doi.org/10.17650/2070-9781-2017-18-1-48-61
Аннотация
Введение. В последнее десятилетие появилось понимание двоякой природы повреждения генетического аппарата сперматозоидов: нарушение конденсации хроматина («незрелый» хроматин, НХ), связанное с нарушенной протаминизацией и приводящее к нарушению эпигенетической регуляции раннего эмбриогенеза, и нарушение целостности ДНК сперматозоидов – фрагментация ДНК (ФДС).
Цель исследования – изучение корреляции между нарушением конденсации хроматина сперматозоидов и ФДС.
Материалы и методы. Проводили исследование сперматозоидов 54 фертильных мужчин (1-я группа, контрольная), 46 пациентов с первичным бесплодием (2-я группа) и 111 пациентов, в анамнезе жен которых имели место аномалии беременности либо неудачи применения вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (ВРТ) – остановка развития эмбриона (3-я группа). Наличие НХ выявляли методом количественного электронно-микроскопического исследования, ФДС – методом TUNEL. Исследование НХ и ФДС в одном и том же сперматозоиде проводили методом корреляционной микроскопии (TUNEL с последующим ультраструктурным изучением маркированных клеток).
Результаты. Содержание сперматозоидов с НХ статистически достоверно отличалось от контрольной в 3-й группе (29,26 ± 13,49 против 22,43 ± 9,54; p = 0,006). Содержание НХ во 2-й группе выше, чем в 1-й, но разница статистически недостоверна (p = 0,061). Достоверные различия по содержанию сперматозоидов с остаточной цитоплазмой на головке отмечены между группой фертильных мужчин и 2-й и 3-й группами (p = 0,0001 и p = 0,0006 соответственно) и на шейке (p = 0,0002 и p = 0,0003 соответственно). Содержание сперматозоидов с ФДС статистически достоверно отличалось от контрольной во 2-й группе (21,40 ± 11,88 против 13,70 ± 7,00, p = 0,03) и не отличалось в 3-й группе. Очень слабая корреляция между содержанием сперматозоидов с ФДС и сперматозоидов с НХ отмечена во всех 3 группах (r = 0,18, r = 0,33 и r = 0,01 соответственно). Методом корреляционной электронной микроскопии исследовано 46 сперматозоидов, из них 23 с НХ и 23 – с конденсированным хроматином. В 11 из 23 сперматозоидов с НХ выявлена ФДС. В сперматозоидах с конденсированным хроматином ФДС определена в 6 сперматозоидах.
Заключение. ФДС и нарушение конденсации хроматина – в высокой степени независимые параметры, которые должны учитываться при выяснении генезиса бесплодия. НХ чаще обнаруживается в сперматозоидах пациентов, у жен которых в анамнезе – нарушение эмбриогенеза. ФДС чаще выявляется при первичном бесплодии.
Об авторах
Е. Е. Брагина
Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского ФГБОУ ВПО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»;
ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»
Россия
Россия
Контакты: Елизавета Ефимовна Брагина bragor@mail.ru
119992 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 40
Е. А. Арифулин
Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского ФГБОУ ВПО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»
Россия
119992 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 40
Россия
119992 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 40
Е. М. Лазарева
Биологический факультет ФГБОУ ВПО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»
Россия
119234 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 12
Россия
119234 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 12
М. А. Лелекова
ООО «ЦГРМ ИСКЧ», Банк репродуктивных клеток и тканей «Репробанк»
Россия
119333 Москва, ул. Губкина, 3, корп. 1
Россия
119333 Москва, ул. Губкина, 3, корп. 1
О. Л. Коломиец
ФГБУН «Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова» РАН
Россия
119991 ГСП – 1 Москва, ул. Губкина, 3
Россия
119991 ГСП – 1 Москва, ул. Губкина, 3
А. Г. Чоговадзе
ООО «ЦГРМ ИСКЧ», Банк репродуктивных клеток и тканей «Репробанк»
Россия
119333 Москва, ул. Губкина, 3, корп. 1
Россия
119333 Москва, ул. Губкина, 3, корп. 1
Т. М. Сорокина
ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»
Россия
119234 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 1
Россия
119234 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 1
Л. Ф. Курило
ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»
Россия
119234 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 1
Россия
119234 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 1
В. Ю. Поляков
Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского ФГБОУ ВПО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»
Россия
119992 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 40
Россия
119992 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 40
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Рецензия
При поддержке: Российский научный фонд (проект № 14–50-00029) и РФФИ (грант № 16-04-01447)
Для цитирования:
Брагина Е.Е., Арифулин Е.А., Лазарева Е.М., Лелекова М.А., Коломиец О.Л., Чоговадзе А.Г., Сорокина Т.М., Курило Л.Ф., Поляков В.Ю. НАРУШЕНИЕ КОНДЕНСАЦИИ ХРОМАТИНА СПЕРМАТОЗОИДОВ И ФРАГМЕНТАЦИЯ ДНК СПЕРМАТОЗОИДОВ: ЕСТЬ ЛИ КОРРЕЛЯЦИЯ? Андрология и генитальная хирургия. 2017;18(1):48-61. https://doi.org/10.17650/2070-9781-2017-18-1-48-61
For citation:
Bragina E.E., Arifulin E.A., Lazareva E.M., Lelekova M.A., Kolomiets O.L., Chogovadze A.G., Sorokina T.M., Kurilo L.F., Polyakov V.Yu. ABNORMAL CHROMATIN CONDENSATION IN SPERMATOZOA AND DNA FRAGMENTATION IN SPERMATOZOA: IS THERE A CORRELATION? Andrology and Genital Surgery. 2017;18(1):48-61. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17650/2070-9781-2017-18-1-48-61
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